In this study, a real-time flight data analysis system based on the ATG network was designed. In the proposed system, the reception, processing, and short-term storage of real-time flight data through air-to-ground broadband communication based on the ATG network were supported, and an application prototype system was developed. The proposed system will play a critical role in the innovative management and application of monitoring base stations for flight quality by being deployed in the Monitoring Base Station for Flight Quality in Civil Aviation in China to provide fundamental data and application demonstration for real-time flight operational quality assurance, thus meeting the demand for real-time monitoring of flight quality data.