As the ICAO has taken the first step towards modernizing its rules on dispute resolution, the next step should be to establish an arbitration institution dedicated to resolving disputes within the ICAO system. On a procedural level, those features show that the dispute settlement in international civil aviation depends heavily on three institutions on both bilateral and multilateral levels: the ICAO Council, I ad hoc i arbitral tribunals, and the International Court of Justice (ICJ) (p.75). 1. The book under review, Luping Zhang, I The Resolution of Inter-State Disputes in Civil Aviation i (Oxford University Press, 2022), ISBN 978-0-19-284927-4, is the author's PhD thesis submitted to the King's College London. [Extracted from the article]