Hyperspectral Thermal Imager (HyTI) is designed with the focus on understanding, modeling, mapping, and monitoring the world's agricultural lands, and water resources, as well as for studies pertaining to forest fires, volcanoes, and a number of other applications (e.g., stubble burning in agricultural lands). Climate variability and expanding populations are putting unprecedented pressure on agricultural croplands and their water use, which are vital for ensuring global food and water security in the twenty-first century. Currently, on average worldwide, croplands use 80-90% of all human water consumption. HyTI data and derived information products will be invaluable in advancing our knowledge on multiple fronts in crop type mapping, crop productivity modeling, crop water use assessments, and crop water productivity (“crop per drop”) mapping.