Although the concept of public welfare is frequently used in the legal system of China, the constitutional lack of a practical mechanism for public welfare restricts public welfare and it does not effectively exercise the balance function between public power and personal interests. Liberal democratic constitutions, such as the Korean Constitution and socialist constitutions, such as the Chinese Constitution, differ greatly in character, but The Chinese Constitution gives a positive meaning in seeking the real meaning of the public welfare provision because of the Korean Constitution that contains the principles and values of the provisions of public welfare. By comparing the mechanisms of realization of public welfare provisions of the two countries and the principles of their inherent values, we tried to supplement the mechanisms of realizing public welfare under the Chinese Constitution by identifying the merits of the mechanisms of public welfare under the Korean Constitution. The Chinese Constitution’s provisions for public welfare are based on the idea of collectivist ideology, which has a clear instrumental orientation as an idea of serving public interests as the goal of ‘state wealth.’ This has turned public welfare into a provision on which national public power arbitrarily violates the rights of individuals, and the normative function of the public welfare provision in the Constitution is becoming less famous. The Korean Constitution has effectively guaranteed the realization of public welfare and the normative function of the provisions of public welfare by a series of institutions built on democratic principles. China is in a rapid social transition and is entering the era of rights. It is necessary to mirror some of the ideas and institutions of the Korean Constitution based on its national identity in the process of socialist China moving from tradition to modernization. The combined normative ideology and practical experience should be combined to establish a system that can contain and realize the value of public welfare that meets China’s reality and meets the needs of the times.