Following the publication of Oxfam GB's Livelihoods Strategy 2010–2015, which incorporated poverty and urban-rural linkages as a core aim, this study was undertaken by an independent research team to determine the extent to which Oxfam’s rural livelihoods experience –- focused primarily on enterprise development –- is transferable to urban contexts. The research for this study, undertaken between January and June 2011, draws on extensive collaboration with Oxfam global, regional, and country teams in Bangladesh, Guatemala, Colombia, Haiti, Kenya, and Russia.