目的 观察孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患儿家长主导实施的家庭干预训练的效果.方法 选取 2021 年 1 月—2022 年 1 月柳州市妇幼保健院收治的 64 例ASD患儿作为研究对象,根据家长自愿原则分为观察组(n=34)和对照组(n=30).观察组患儿由经过培训的家长主导实施家庭干预训练;对照组患儿上午在医院由治疗师训练,其他时间由家长在家随时随地训练.2 组患儿均采用综合康复训练治疗 3个月.比较 2 组患儿治疗前后孤独症行为量表(autism behavior checklist,ABC)、孤独症治疗评估量表(autism treatment evaluation checklist,ATEC)和简式父母育儿压力问卷(parenting stress index-short form,PSI-SF)评分的差异.结果 治疗前和治疗后,ABC、ATEC各项目评分和PSI-SF总评分的组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后 2 组患儿ABC、ATEC各项目评分和PSI-SF总评分均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 家长主导实施的家庭干预模式与医院为主导的干预模式的短期疗效相当,能明显减轻家长的经济和育儿压力.
Objective To observe the efficacy of parent-led family intervention training for children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods Sixty-four children with ASD who were admitted to Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were enrolled as the research subjects.According to parental voluntary principle,they were divided into observation group(n=34)and control group(n=30).The children in the observation group were trained by their parents in family training.Children in the control group were trained by therapists in the hospital in the morning,and were trained by their parents at home other times.Children in both groups were treated with comprehensive rehabilitation training for 3 months.The autism behavior checklist(ABC),autism treatment assessment checklist(ATEC),and parenting stress index-short form(PSI-SF)scores of the two groups were compared and analyzed before and after treatment.Results There were no significant differences in each item of ABC and ATEC scores,and total scores of PSI-SF between the two groups before and after treatment(P>0.05).Compared to before treatment,scores of each item in ABC and ATEC and total scores of PSI-SF of the two groups were significantly lower after treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion The short-term efficacy of parent-led family intervention model is similar to that of hospital-led intervention model,which can significantly reduce parents'economic and child-rearing pressure.