伏马毒素(Fumonisins)是谷物中最为常见的一种真菌毒素,可降低生产性能、损伤免疫系统、干扰鞘酯代谢,对人和动物健康构成严重威胁。通过概述伏马毒素的分子结构、物理特性,分析污染状况及居民膳食暴露情况,着重对其神经毒性、免疫毒性、组织器官毒性和细胞毒性,以及对人类的潜在危害进行综述,以期为伏马毒素毒性作用机制的深入研究提供参考。
As one of the most common mycotoxin in cereals,fumonisins not only reduces animal perform-ance,damages immune system,endanger human and animal health,but also has wide interference effects on sphingomyelin metabolism.This paper describes the molecular structure and physical characteristics of fumo-nisins,analyzes the contamination levels in cereal and human,emphatically summarizes the toxical effect of neu-ral,immune,organ and cell,and the potential hazardous to human beings,which can supply a useful reference for future studies.